Internal-combustion engine.



W. I. TWOMBDY.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION TILED DEG.18,1911.

l jfil figfi, Patented Mar. 9,1915.

SSHEETS-SHEETl.

WITNESSES INVENTUR ATTORNEY w Winard Irvmg mommy,

W. I. TWOMBLY.

INTEENAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED DEC.18.1911.

Llfil ggfi Patented Mar. 9, 1915.

3 SHEETSSHEBT 2.

* I w mun/1m lNVENTOR:

0L BY Wmard Irvin mommy, XaQQ I AT RrQEP W1I.TWOMBLY INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

AL-PLIOATION TILED 1 30.18. 1911. LMLQQG, Patented Man9, 1915 3 SHEETSSHEET3 mvENTbR 0L BY Willard Irving Wombl y pitession chemically op "WILLAEE IRVING fwolviBLYsC F NEW YORK, N. Y1, ,AESI'Z" CGMEANY, 0F NEVJ YORK, 1Q. A COEtPGLTt-ATIL.

' tion of said compressed fuel, the exhaust of from said the spent of combustion of a fresh chamber, and the supplying chergect-combustible materiel oefuei; and cry ob ect of the lit ention to it is the prom I improve the gene "a1 COHStLUCiJlOH: and oper etion often engineof this type. "t

It is a further object of the invention to provide enengine of this type with two cyl inders,- each cylinder comprising a, combos-- tion chamber end a fuel pumping end com-- chamber, and to provide means connected with the source of fuel supply to connect the fuel pnmping' chamber or the one cyiindee With'the conibiistion. che v ofthe other cylindem'andito provide 1h ei-sited aive mechanism to controi the supply of fueltothe incl pumping chambers.

I A further object of the invention is to jorovide means whereby to effect a thorouggh scavenging, of the products of combustion fromv the combustion: chamber, mid for which purpose. on air pumping andconipiession. chamber is provided for each of tiierofiinders which are connected o .e combustion chznnoers as the filii'ltiifi' ports are uncovered end the pistons eppi'oeeh the end of the power-stroke andprevions to the supplying of. o fresh. charge of combustible mixture tothe combustion. chamber: 1

Further objects and advantages will hereinofterappeer.

in the drawings accompanying torn? ing a "part of this specification; Figure l-is a sectional side eievation of my impromd engine, the section being" taken snbst-nntiziily through-the middle of the same. Fig i 2 is a sectional side eie atinnof tho rncans to. connect the conibl'lstion"cheinbei' oiffonc. cylind or with the fillet-pumping chamber ofthe other cylinder, and theyaive mechenism to Specification filetters Patent,

control the charge of fuel to the it outlet'ports 18. The cyiin scoutedto the'ciiaiek ic in Figs, 1

ing chambers, the section oeiz stontioily on the line A nt. of i 1s a plan vienn is so tionci if elevation taken snbstentizdlv through middle of the cjiinder the left of and Figs and 6 are sectional do of the valve mechanism to cootx charge of stiletto the fH EirEMMTQPiDQ .2. here, I

Simiior chem stews reicicmx: nko parts throughout the diiEm-cnt the drawings.

tions 8 01' l 5 d1, sections ti and con i i s chambers o homing eixike so enhmist ports if, "e." tions iiconstitute :hi i.

pression chem'bees at, he,

passing through Flanges Ii emit from the cylinder se cylinder sections 8 ha e.

' into the sections 9 to eoa ii of the pistes have Eon, thening:

with s Wail or partition o two, compartments, :1 nd W h m,

he in i. j are secured. thereto that iefcyiindex? sections 9 bei :ons i "connection' with the 80m}. 1 nts i do crank case constitute sen: ing no communic: 1a for a purpose to he, i; It will he noted that th diode 1;est directly upon the case, and c"a.nks of the shaft they no their orbit of movement swingti'mou'g "a the lower portion of said oyiindz'icai;

bed. ctzon's said sections having outwardly bulging portions, as at 7, to permit of the passage of the crank-s thereby making a very compact construct'ion. I

Duplex pistons 12 are connected to the crank shaft 2 by rods 13 to operate in the respective cylinders, each piston. having an enlarged portion or an auxiliary head to operate in the'enlarged portions 80f the cylinders and separating the fuel-pumping 'chambers 03 from the crank case. "Both piston heads are providedwithpacking rings to seal the'combustion chambers from the fuel-pumping chambers, and to seal the lat- 15 ter from the crank case, and are also provided with the usual oil grooves.

It will be noted that as thus constructed the fuel pumping chamber has no communication with the crank case and that the power stroke of the piston also serves as the fuel-pumping stroke, and as'a charge of fuel is compressed in the combustion chamber 8 of a cylinder the fuel is also compressed in its fuel-pumpingchamber. The fuel-pumping chamber of the one cylinder, as for instance a, is connected with the combustion chamber of the cylinder 6, and the fuelpumping-chamber of the cylinder 12 is connectedto the combustion chamber of the 0371- 80 inder a, for which purpose I provide-a fuel '3 municating with the port 18 of the fuelpumping chamber d of the cylinder a and a port 20 communicating with the fuel-intake port 16 of the combustion chamber- 0 of cylinder 6, while the chamber 15 is provided with a, port 21 communicating with the port 18'of the fuel-pumping chamber (Z of cyl inder b and a port 22 co'mmunicating with chamber 0 of cylinder at. V w

. Thecharge of fuelto the pumpingchainbers and combustion chambers is controlled by mechanically operated valve mechanism, comprising a valve chest 23, in the present instance fixed to the chamber F although'it ,may be constructed'integral therewith, lawing a bore extending therethrough in which is mounted a tubular member or valve 24 to have oscillatory movement, andmaintajne'd againstendwise movement by, caps 25, 26 securediinithe ends of the bore, and to the cap 26 may be.,connected a carbureter, as at 27. Thevchest 23 is provided with ports- 2'8, 29 communicating with ports in the chambers 14, 15, respectively,' to connect them with the carbureter'or other source of fuel supply, The valve 24 is provided with 55 a pair of posts3 3 jvvhich registerwith' the.

The

vpreferably made of light spunfcopperisubf the fueLintake port 16 of the combustion;

- spaced therefrom to form waterglchnmb'egg '45-." The jackets are snuglyfitted-mien n combustion chambers.

and disconnect the chambers 14, 15 and the fuel pumping chambers to the source of fuel supply, as will be hereinafter described. 7

The valve 24 is operated from the crank shaft by means of an eccentric 32 fixed to the shaft, and a rod 33 connectedat one end to a separable strap 34 surrounding the eccentric, the other end connected to a crank 35 7 fixed to a shank 36 passing through the cap 25 and having an enlarged portion 37 engaging in, and whereby it has an air tight connection with, the valve 24. A: series of balls 38 may be interposed between the strap 34 and the periphery of the eccentric 32.

Each of the cylinders a, b, is provided with an air pumping and compression chamber. 0 below the pistons formed by the cylinder sections 9 and the compartments in the crank case, as already stated. Each of the chambers (in the present instance located in the cylinder sections 9,) is provided with an air-intake port 39 having a valve 40 which is normally maintained an closed by a spring 41. As the pistons comv press a charge of fuel in the-combustion and fuel-pumping chambers the suction of the pistons will unseat the valves 40 drawing in a charge of air which is compressedduring the power stroke of the pistons, the pistons having aport 42 which will register with a by-pass port 43 in the inner Wall of the cylinder sections 8 immediately after the pistons begin to uncover the exhaust ports and previous ,to the uncoveringof the fuel-intake ports 16, whereby to connect the com- 'bu'stion chambers with the air chambers and the compressedcharge of'air below the pistons in the chambers e is injected into the combustionchamber expelling the products of combustion therefrom.

The cylinders are waterbooledrand' for this'purpose I provide sheet mtfiljh cliets 44 rounding the heads of the cylinders (and tion's cit-[openings for the passage of bushings148 screw threaded into-bosses projecting'from the heads of the cylinders, and in which are secured spark plugs 49 carrying the terminal points of an electrical ignition stem to ignite the charge of fuel in the The bushings .48 have an annular flange between whichflange and the piston boss the edges of the openings in the jackets'are clamped inwatertight connection. To maintaln'a circulation of water through said jackets 'I connect.

an inlet pipe 5Q to the water chamber. as at the valve 24 will assume the position shown position shown in Fig. 4 with both of the fuel chambers 03 cut off fromthe source of fuel supp y,,'When the cycle of operations will be repeated. As already stated during the fuel compression stroke of the pistons a charge of air will be sucked by the pistons intothe chambers e through the valved ports. 39 which will be compressed during the power. strokes of the pistons and serve to force the lubricant through the ducts 55 to the valve mechanism and cylinderwalls as well as ports 60 in the crank case during the power stroke of the istons. As the istons approach the end 0 the power stro re and just after thejexhaust'ports are uncovered and previous to the uncovering of the intake ports; said chambers e will be connectedto the combustion fchambers through the-piston ports .42 and. byepass ports 43, vhereby the compressed 'air, in said chamb s e will be injected intothe combustion chambers forcing out the burnt gases and filling thecombustion chambers with pure air at atmospheric pressure, and as the intake ports 16 are uncovered" by the pistons the charge of fuel will enter the combustion chambers un- 'der pressure through the deflectors 69 and be directed by the portion 71 to the top of the cylinders, where it will mushroom forcing out the pure air and thereby effecting a thorough scavenging of the combustion chamber.

Variations may be resorted to within the scope of my invention, and portions of the invention may be used-without others.

Having thus described my invention, I

' ing chamber, and said piston with the crank case constituting an air pumping and com pressionchamber; a port inthe piston; .and-

a by-passport'in the cylinder with which the piston port cbmmunicatesto connect the air pumping chamber with the combustion chamber when the piston uncovers the exhaust port in the cylinder, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

shaft jourg'na The combination of a crank case separated mtoa air of compartments a. crank ed therein; a pair.- cyhnders fixed to said'crank case; pistons in=said cylinders connected to the crank shaft; said pistons separating the cylinders into superposed combustion chambers havmg fuel-intakej and exhaust ports adapted to be uncovered by the pistons as they ap x proach the end of their outward strokes,- and uel-pum ing chambers'connected with the fuel supp y and with the combustion chant; bers of their companion cylinders; and said plston with'Tthe crank case constituting air pumping andcompression chambers havin valved air-inlets; a port in the pistons: an

by-pass ports in' the cylinders with which the piston. ports cotiperate to open communication between the combustion chambers and their associated air pumping chambers in the of piston crank case as the exhaust ports of the combustion chambersa're uncovered by the pis-' tons and previous to the uncovering of the inlet ports in said chambers, whereby to expel the burnt gases from the combustionchambers by means of the compressed air from the air chambers.

3. In an internal combustion engine, the

partment and cylinder, and each of the cylinders having an enlarged'portion toward the crank case; duplex'pistons for the cylinf ders, said pistons separating the cylinders into combustion chambers and fuel-pumpingchambers, and said piston with the .compartments in the crank case constituting air pumping and compression chambers; means connected with the source of fuel supply to connect the fuel-pumping chambers'with' the combustion chambers of their companion cylinders; valve mechanism to control the admission of fuel to the fuel pumping charm bers and from the fuel pumping chambers to the combustion chambers of their coinpanion cylinders; a port in each piston: and by-pass ports in the cylinders with whiifh the piston ports cooperate to open communigi cation between said combustion chambers and their associated chambers in the crank Y case at a predetermined point in the power strokes of the pistons whereby to inject the compressed air from the air chambers into the combustion chambers, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

4:. In an internal combustion engine, the

combination oila crank case having two com-' partments; a crank shaft ournale' d 1n sald case; apair of cylinders fixed to the crank case so that one compartment of the'j'crank case will communicate with one cylinder and .ncnt c l 11(161, and each of the cylhaving an cnlarg'cd portion toward 9 case; d olczi pistons tor the cyli u aid piston, separating the cylinders into combustion chambers having intake and iiilltlllhiij with tho sour-cc of fuel supply to 7 net-pumping; chan'ibcrs Withf to l supply with the intake cuts 6.1. $118- combustion chambers of their ianicn cylinders; valve mechanism to control the admission of fuel to the pumping chambcrs; and the charge of "fuel 1 said latter chambers to the combustion port in each piston; and byin the inner cylinder Walls with piston ports cooperate to open minication betwes the combustion ibers and their associated air chambers the or nk case as the exln'inst ports of the combustion chami s are uncovered by the tons, substantia. as and for the purpose kl. Ln an internal combustion engine, the combii'iation of a crank case separated into (a two chambers; a, crank shaft journalcd in said case; a, pair of cylindcrs fixed to the crank: case and having an enlarged portion i ward the crank case pistons for the re tire cylinilcrs connected to the crank I, said pistons liil'vll'ig supplemental bonds to engage in thc'ci'iiarged portions of the cylinders whereby the head portions of cylinders con ftutc combustion chambcrs having tuclitake and cxhaust ports iii normally corcrcd bv the pistons and adaptto be nncoi'c by the pistons when they approach cnd of their outward *okcs, and the cnlargcd portions of tho ndcrs fuel-pi!mping; chambcrs each hava port, a tool chest having a pair at com' 'iartments, compartment connected to the port ot the fuel-pumping chamber oi? one cylinder and the fucl intake port of the combustion chamber of its companion cyl- )5 indcr, the otiic'r compartment connected to the port of the fuel-pumping chamber of the other cylinder and the fuclsintake port of the combustion chambcr of its companion inder, and cach compartment having a so fuel-intake port connected to the source of fuel supply; valve mechanism operated from tho crank shaft, to control the ad mission of fuel to the compartments of the trial. chest and the fuel-pumping chambers;

i in each piston; a by-pass'port inthe inner Walls of the cylinders with which. the piston ports cooperate to connect the combustion chambers with their associated air chambers, substantially as and for the purpose. specified. "1o '6. In an'internal combustion engine, the i'zoinbination oi? a crank case scparated into con'ipartments; a crank shaft journalcd in said case; a pair of cylinders fixed to, and having an enlarged portion toward, the crank case; pistons for the respective cylinders connected to the crank shaft, said pistons having supplemcntal heads to en gage in the enlarged portions of the cylinders whcrcby the head portions of the cylinders constitute con'ibustion cl'iambcrs having fuel-intake and cxliaust ports adapted to be uncovered by the pistons as they approach the end of their outn'; rd strokes, and the enlarged portions of the cylinders pumping; chan'ibcrs each having a port and said pistons with the compartments in the crhnk caso constituting :ir pumping and compression chambers; a fuel chest having pair of compartmcnts, one compartment so connected to the port of tin; tuel-pumping chambcr of one cylindcr and tho fuel-intake port of the combustion chamber of its come panion cylinder, the other compartment connected to tho port of the fucl-pumping s5 chanibcr of the other cylinder and the intake port of the combustion chamber of its COITlPflZllOIl cylinder, and each compartn'ici'it having a .fucl-intake port; a valve chest having: an intake port connected to the source oi .iucl supply and having a pair of outlet ports communicating with the intakc-ports of the con'ipartmcnts in the fuel chest: an oscillatory valve in said chest to alternately open and shot oil communici lion bctween the chan'ibcrs of the fuel chest and the source of fuel supply: means to onoraio tho val o'trom tho crank shaft; a port in each piston; and a bypass port in each cylindcr with which the piston poi ts 11G co ncrate when the pistons approach the end oi their power strokes to connect the combustion chambers with. tho air chambcrs. substantially as and for the purpose specified. I

'3. An internal combustion engine. comprising a pair of cvlinders; a crank case having a pair of separate compartmentsg pistons to work in the cylinders, said pistons separating the cvlinders into combustion chambers and fuel pumping chambers, and said pistons With the chambers in the crank casc constituting air pumping and compression chambers; a port in each piston: a by pass port in cach cylinder with which the piston ports cob'perate to connect the combustion chamber of a cylinder "with its as sociated air chamber;v a fuel chest having" a pair. of compartments, one compartmentconnected to the port of the ruel-pam ingigo chamber of one cylinder and the fueLintake port of the combustion chamber of its companion cylinder, the other compartment connected to the port of the fuel-pumping chamber of the other cylinder and the fuelintake port of the combustion chamber of its companion cylinder, and each com artment having a fuel-intake port; a tn ular valve chest connected at one end to the source of fuel supply and having a pair of outlet-ports communicating with the intake-' ports of the chambers in the fuel chest; a valve in said chest to alternately open and shut off communication between the cham- 'bers of the fuel chestand the source of fuel supply, comprising a tubularimember mounted to oscillate in the valve chest, said member being open at one end and connected therethrough at all times with the source of fuel supply, and a pair of ports in the side wall of said valve adapted to alternately register with the outlet-ports of the valve chest; and means to operate the valve from the crank shaft; and by-pass ports in the pistons and cylinders which are adapted to beplaced into communication when the pistons approach theend of their "outward strokes toconnect the combustion chambers with their associated air chambers its associated air chamber; a fuel chest hav- 'ing a pair of compartments, one compartment connected to the port of the fuel-pumping chamber of one cylinder and the fuel-intake port of the combustion chamber of its companion cylinder, the other compartment connected to the port of the fuel-pumping chamber of the other cylinder and the fuel-intake port of the combustion chamber of its companion cylinder, and each compartment havinga fuel-intake port; a valve chest connect- .ed to the source of fuel supply and having a pair of outlet-ports communicating with "the intake ports of the fuel chest; a tubular oscillatory valve in said chest open at one end and connected therethroufgh with the source of fuel supply; a pair 0 ports in the side wall of the valve adapted to'be alternately placed in communication with the ports in the valve chest to open and shut off communication between the chambers of the fuel chest and the source offuel supply means to operate the valve from the crank shaft, comprising an eccentric disk on the crank shaft, a strap surrounding said disk, a crank on tile valve, and a rod connecting the strap with the crank of the valve; and by-pass ports in the pistons and cylinders which are adapted tobe placed into communication when the pistons approach the end of their outward strokes to connect the combustion chambers with their associated air chambers in the crank case, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

9 internal combustion engine, comprising a crank case havin two compartments each of which is provided with an air inlet; spring-influenced valves normally closing said inlets; a crank shaft journaled in said case; a pair of cylinders fixed to the crank case so that one compartment will have no communication with the other compartment and cylinder, each of the cylinders having an enlarged portion toward the crank case; pistons for the respective cylinders connected to the crank shaft, said pistons having supplemental heads to engage in the enlarged portions of the cylinders whereby the head portions of the cylinders constitute combustion chambers having fuelintake and exhaust ports uncovered by the pistons as they approach the end of their outward strokes, the enlarged portions of the cylinders fuel-pumping chambers having a port, and the compartments in the 'crank case air pumping and compression chambers, the suction of the pistons during the fuel compression strokeunseating the valves vin the crank case and drawing in a charge of air and during the power stroke compressing said air in the crank case below the pistons; a fuel chest having a pair of compartments, one compartment connected to the port of the fuel-pumping chamber of one cylinder and the fuel-intake port of the combustion chamber ofits companion cylinder, the other compartment connected to the port of the fuel-pumping chamber of the other cylinder and the fuel-intake port of the combustion chamber of its companion cylinder, and each compartment having a fuel-intake port; a tubular valve chest connected at one end to the source of fuel sup'- ply; a pair of outlet ports in said chest communicating with the intake ports of the fuel chest; an oscillatory valve in said chest to alternately open and shutoff communication between the chambers of the fuel chest and r the source of fuel supply, comprising a tubular member openat one end and connected therethrongh with the source of fuel supply. and a pair of ports in the side walls of said valve adapted to alternately register with the outlet ports pf the valve chest; and

. means to operate the valve from the crank shaft, comprising a,crai 1k connected'to the valve an eccentric'disk on the crank shaft, a

strap surrounding said clisk, and a rod connecting said strap with the crank oi? the ralre; by-pass ports in the cylinders; and ports in the pistons connnunicating with the lay-pass ports as the exhaust ports are un-- cove ed by the pistons whereby the com pressed charge of air in the air chambers is injected into the combustion chambers substantially as and for the purpose specified.

it). in an interna con'ibustion engine, the mnabination of a crank case l'iaving a pan tit-ion to separate the case into two compuirt ments; a crank shai't journalccl. in saicl case; a pair of cyiimicrs ixecl to the crank case; duplex pistons for the respective cylinders Li'JililCCtCd to the crank shaft, saicl pistons separating the c: iinders into combustion and fuel pui'nping chambers, anti '\.lill1 tl1(-3 crank case constituting air pumping anal.

' compression chambers; means to connect the fuel pumping chamber of one cylinder with the cznnbiistion chamber oi? its companion cylintha'; \alre mechanism to control the admission oi? fuel to the fuel pumping chambers; bypass ports in the inner Walls of the combustion chambers; and ports in the pistons coiiperating with the bypass ports to inject the cmnpresserl air from the air chambers into their associated combustion chambers as the pistons approach the end of the power stroke substantially as and iior the purpose spccitietl,

11. A two cycle internal combustion en gine, comprising con'ibustion, fuel purineing and compressiom and air pumping anti con'ip -ssion. chambers; means to con-- nect the fuel pumping with the combustion chambers; a piston to Work in the comb: tion and luel pumping chambers;

a port in the piston; and a, bypass port in the coi'ul'uistion chamber with which the port in the piston co'Tperates to connect the air pumping; chan'iber with the combution ehambeas the piston approaches the end of its power stroke, substantially as anti for the pin specified A tivo-cycie into ial combustion engine, comprising a p; ir oi? combustion chain bcrs, a pair oi Fuel-pumping; chambers, and

a pair of air punnying and :on:1prcssion chambers; pistons working in the fuelpumping anti combustion chambers; means connected to the source of fuel supply to cross connect the fuel-pumping chambers with the combustion chambers; valve mesh-- anism to alternately open and shut off communication between the pumping chambers and the fuel sui iply; a port in the piston; and bypass ports in. the combustion chamhers to connect the air-pumping chambers With the combustion chambers as the pistons approach the end of their power strokes.

13. fin internal combustion engine com-- prising a cylinder; a crankcase; a crank shaft 'journaled therein; a duplex piston working in the cylinder anci connectctl the crank shaft, saici piston separating the cylinder into a combustion chai'nber having tuetintalm anti -xhaust ports and a not pumping chamber having a. port and said an pistons u'ith the crank case constituting an air puniping' and compression cliai'nber ha ii a normally spring closed Valreci air fin-- let; valve mechanism to control the charge of fuel to the fuel pumping chambers; and by-pass ports in the f r cl. combustion chamber to open oinn'iunication between the air-pumping; chamber and. the combustion chamb r when the UlEtO l approaches the and of .1 pm er stroke; (i piston clnr ing; the compress-ion of fuel .i the combu tion chznnber connirc e tuei. in. to fuei pun'niz' r i unseating the valve in the air chamber anti drawing a. charge of air tl'ieroin, and it}:

stroke drawing in.- a chai thereii'i clurii comljmstion cl is i iectccl into the through the iJY-pflSF$ no combustion. chamber i proaci'ies the en 7 t uncovers the exhan chamber. aubsta vtially as and 1? 1 pose specified...

'l 4 in internal 'con'ibu 'irisiag; a crank can separate it in so i ahal't fournaleo em: a pair of cvlinclers each cylinder oranprising a pair of sapcr poscri sections. the lower sections having flanges whereby they are Sllj)i?()iil9(l upon the crank case ami cooperate with the partitions therein t se iiarate the crank into two compartments. and provided witi'i nor mally spring-closerl ralreti inleta the upper sections being; of .17 diameter than the lower sect anti nroiectir thereinto anti proviified with t l e it ch the}! are supported upon the s ctionsttierorls missing through the flanges of the cylincler sections and. whereby the)! securecl to the crank case; pistons connectcel to the crank shaft to operate in the cviinrlers, ea ch piston having a supplemental headto engage in the lower cylinder section, saioi pistons separating the -cvlintlers so that the upper sections constitute combustion a crank ice 'chambers having fuel-intake and exhaust eylinder with the combustion chamber of its as the pistons approach the end of the power compalniofil qlinder; vaflvfe rlnechnFisl? to stroke. contro t e a mission 0 ue to he nel- "pumping chambers;a port in each )istnn; WILLARD IRVING TWOMBLY' 6 and by-p'ziss ports in the ugper cylin er sec-' Witnesses:

tions to connect the air c ambers with the JOHN O. SEIFERT, combustion chambers of the same cylinder PAULA Pmmrr. 

